Biodiesel: A Burgeoning Alternative for Cleaner and Greener Future of Oil-Based Technology

Greenhouse gas emissions and global warming are the budding concern for the future of the world’s energy needs. Biodiesel is formed from the transesterfication of vegetable oil or animal fat, which can be intermingled with diesel and used in diesel engine vehicles. The price fluctuation of petroleum and uncertainties in fossil fuel obtainability renews interest in vegetable oil fuels for diesel engines. Biodiesel is far way better and enhanced fuel than the petroleum diesel as they support some unique features and qualities such as nontoxicity, renewability as well as free from sulfur & aromatics free. It can be used in any diesel engine without any modifications. Biodiesel lessens emanations of carcinogenic compounds by almost 85% as compared to petro diesel. Additionally, it delivers considerably reduced emissions of unburned hydrocarbons, particulate matter, carbon monoxide, and sulfates compared to petroleum diesel fuel.

 

From the above table, it is depicted that the upcoming availability of biodiesel is highest as compared to other fuels. Hence, it has high potential to emerge as a novel and renewable energy source in the future. European continent, especially Germany, is the largest producer of biodiesel around the world. However, some of the norms in Europe such as only 7% of the blending of biodiesel within normal retail fuels are permitted and appreciated.

The long chain fatty acid esters present in biodiesel are derived from feed stocks such as vegetable oils. Because of the presence of these fatty acids, biodiesel is prone to oxidation resulting in poor stability. The low thermal stability of these biofuels distresses the performance of high-temperature engines. To avoid this oxidation process and metal contamination, additives like antioxidants are used. However, antioxidants have cost implication as their price is very high. So, to reduce the cost and usage of antioxidants up to 30-50%, a very small amount of metal deactivator additive (MDA) is used. Hence, as metal deactivator derives its application from biodiesel, the former is set to experience an excellent future availability and growth with the looming demand for biodiesel in the near future.

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